2025 · Skin brightening Close ✕
Co-authored by Dr. Wong Lip Wih
Visibly brighter skin in six weeks for Indonesian women Who took part 17 women
Duration 6 weeks
Study design
Open-label, before & after What was tested A leave-on █████████ and █████████ regimen, used as a serum and cream.
What was found Melanin index decreased and measured skin brightness increased after six weeks of the combination serum and cream.
Results in numbers ↓ Melanin index Significant decrease
↑ Measured skin brightness Increased
17 women · 6 weeks
About this study design Participants know what they use; results are compared with their own starting point.
Citation Aesthetic Cosmetology and Medicine. 2025; ███████
Publications provide research context. Finished-product claims depend on product-specific testing and applicable regulatory requirements.
2024 · Skin brightening Close ✕
Co-authored by Dr. Wong Lip Wih
Brighter skin and fewer dark spots in eight weeks Who took part 70 women
Duration 8 weeks
Study design
Open-label, before & after What was tested ████████, ██████████, ██████████ and ████████ applied in layers; measured by chromameter and Janus-III skin imaging.
What was found Measured brightness increased and pigmented spots decreased during an eight-week serum-and-cream regimen.
Results in numbers Skin brightness (L*) +8.3%
Wk 0 · 52.1 → Wk 4 · 56.4
Pigmented areas −3.6%
Wk 0 · 45.52 → Wk 8 · 43.9
70 women · chromameter & Janus-III Scale zoomed to show change
About this study design Participants know what they use; results are compared with their own starting point.
Citation Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists. 2024; ███████
Publications provide research context. Finished-product claims depend on product-specific testing and applicable regulatory requirements.
2022 · Skin brightening · Melasma Close ✕
Co-authored by Dr. Wong Lip Wih
Melasma patches visibly lightened with a single serum Who took part 27 women
Duration 7 weeks
Study design
Controlled comparison What was tested A four-active serum applied to the cheeks, with the untreated forehead used as a comparison.
What was found Treated cheek areas showed improved brightness and melasma severity scores. Melanin-index changes were not statistically significant.
Results in numbers −54%
Lower mMASI melasma severity score Compared with the untreated forehead as a control area.
27 women · treated cheeks, week 0 → 7
About this study design Results are compared against an untreated area or a reference treatment.
Citation Azerbaijan Medical Journal. 2022; ██████████
Publications provide research context. Finished-product claims depend on product-specific testing and applicable regulatory requirements.
2021 · Skin brightening · Melasma Close ✕
Supporting literature
Melasma improving from week 4, faster than the dermatologist’s standard Who took part 28 patients
Duration 8 weeks
Study design
Double-blind RCT What was tested A layered regimen of ████████ cream and ██████████, compared with a modified Kligman formula (4% hydroquinone, tretinoin and a corticosteroid) in patients with melasma.
What was found The layering regimen reduced MASI scores earlier, from week 4, while the Kligman group improved by week 8. The difference between groups was significant at both time points.
About this study design Randomised, and neither participants nor researchers know who receives the product, the most rigorous design.
Citation Jurnal Health Sains. 2021; ██████████
Publications provide research context. Finished-product claims depend on product-specific testing and applicable regulatory requirements.
2021 · Skin brightening Close ✕
Tested on our formulation
Brighter skin from the inside and out Who took part 46 participants
Duration 8 weeks
Study design
Double-blind RCT What was tested A ███████ and vitamin C serum used together with oral ███████ capsules, compared with placebo.
What was found The combination group had a lower melanin index and a higher brightness score than placebo at eight weeks.
Results in numbers Melanin index (lower = lighter skin) Wk 0 Wk 2 Wk 4 Wk 6 Wk 8
Topical + oral ███████ −9.4%
Placebo +1.8%
46 participants · Mexameter, every 2 weeks
About this study design Randomised, and neither participants nor researchers know who receives the product, the most rigorous design.
Citation International Journal of Dermatology. 2021; ██████████
Publications provide research context. Finished-product claims depend on product-specific testing and applicable regulatory requirements.
2020 · Skin brightening · Melasma Close ✕
Tested on our formulation
Melasma improvement confirmed across multiple clinics Who took part 66 enrolled
Duration 4 weeks
Study design
Open-label, before & after What was tested A serum and cream with █████████, ██████████, ███████ and ████████, applied in layers at multiple centres.
What was found Melasma severity and UV-spot measurements decreased. Polarised-light spot measurements did not change significantly.
Results in numbers Melasma severity score (MSS) −11%
Wk 0 · 1.65 → Wk 4 · 1.47
UV spots −12%
Wk 0 · 22.6% → Wk 4 · 19.8%
Multicentre · Janus facial analysis Scale zoomed to show change
About this study design Participants know what they use; results are compared with their own starting point.
Citation Hong Kong Journal of Dermatology & Venereology. 2020; █████
Publications provide research context. Finished-product claims depend on product-specific testing and applicable regulatory requirements.
2020 · Skin brightening · Post-acne marks Close ✕
Tested on our formulation
Helping post-acne marks fade Who took part 68 participants
Duration 8 weeks
Study design
Randomised, placebo-controlled What was tested A serum with ██████████, ███████ and ██████████, compared with placebo.
What was found Melanin and spot scores improved in the serum group, but differences versus placebo were not statistically significant.
About this study design Participants are randomly assigned to the product or a placebo.
Citation Bali Dermatology and Venereology Journal. 2020; ███████
Publications provide research context. Finished-product claims depend on product-specific testing and applicable regulatory requirements.
2018 · Skin brightening Close ✕
Supporting literature
Brightening comparable to hydroquinone, without it Who took part 30 participants
Duration 4 weeks
Study design
Controlled comparison What was tested A combination serum applied to one forearm and 4% hydroquinone to the other, in the same participants.
What was found Both the combination serum and 4% hydroquinone increased measured skin brightness during the four-week study.
About this study design Results are compared against an untreated area or a reference treatment.
Citation International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports. 2018; ██████
Publications provide research context. Finished-product claims depend on product-specific testing and applicable regulatory requirements.
2009 · Weight management Close ✕
Supporting literature
Clinically shown weight loss and better metabolic markers Who took part 102 adults
Duration 10 weeks
Study design
Double-blind RCT What was tested A seed extract of ██████████, compared with placebo in overweight adults.
What was found The authors reported significant reductions in body weight and improved metabolic parameters versus placebo.
About this study design Randomised, and neither participants nor researchers know who receives the product, the most rigorous design.
Citation Lipids in Health and Disease. 2009; ████
Publications provide research context. Finished-product claims depend on product-specific testing and applicable regulatory requirements.
2003 · Sun protection Close ✕
Supporting literature How lab and on-skin SPF measurements compare “Correlation of In Vivo and In Vitro Measurements of Sun Protection Factor”
Who took part Not reported
Duration Not reported
Study design
Lab / method study What was tested In-vivo (on skin) and in-vitro (laboratory) methods for measuring sun protection factor.
What was found Examined how closely laboratory SPF measurements correlate with measurements on human skin.
About this study design Laboratory measurements or comparisons of testing methods, useful for technical validation.
Citation Journal of Food and Drug Analysis. 2003; ████████
Publications provide research context. Finished-product claims depend on product-specific testing and applicable regulatory requirements.
2024 · Skin brightening · Melasma Close ✕
Co-authored by Dr. Wong Lip Wih
A nightly 15-minute routine that lightens melasma Who took part 40 patients
Duration 8 weeks
Study design
Open-label, before & after What was tested Each night, ████████ serum for 15 minutes followed by ██████████ cream, in melasma patients at two hospitals in Makassar.
What was found All measures improved significantly over eight weeks: lower mMASI scores and fewer pigmented spots, brighter skin (L* 46.8 → 50.9) and a lower melanin index (359 → 311).
Results in numbers Melanin index −13%
Wk 0 · 359 → Wk 8 · 311
Skin brightness (L*) +8.8%
Wk 0 · 46.8 → Wk 8 · 50.9
mMASI severity score −5.3%
Wk 0 · 7.97 → Wk 8 · 7.55
40 patients · 8 weeks Scale zoomed to show change
About this study design Participants know what they use; results are compared with their own starting point.
Citation Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists. 2024; ████████
Publications provide research context. Finished-product claims depend on product-specific testing and applicable regulatory requirements.
2023 · Post-acne marks · Skin brightening Close ✕
Supporting literature
Fading dark marks left after breakouts and irritation Who took part 40 patients
Duration 16 weeks
Study design
Double-blind RCT What was tested A ██████████ versus a vehicle (inactive base) in patients with post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.
What was found The treatment group improved significantly more than the control group in clinical scores, quality of life and instrumental melanin and erythema readings at week 16.
About this study design Randomised, and neither participants nor researchers know who receives the product, the most rigorous design.
Citation Research Square preprint, 2023. doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2628737/v1
Publications provide research context. Finished-product claims depend on product-specific testing and applicable regulatory requirements.
2020 · Ingredient safety · Skin brightening Close ✕
Supporting literature Why mercury has no place in skin-lightening products “Mercury Exposure Associated with Use of Skin Lightening Products in Jamaica”
Who took part 60 products
Duration Not reported
Study design
Lab / method study What was tested Sixty skin-lightening products bought across Jamaica, screened for mercury by X-ray fluorescence and atomic absorption spectroscopy.
What was found Six products exceeded the US FDA limit of 1 ppm, three above 400 ppm, a reminder of why regulated, tested brightening actives matter.
About this study design Laboratory measurements or comparisons of testing methods, useful for technical validation.
Citation Journal of Health and Pollution. 2020; ████████
Publications provide research context. Finished-product claims depend on product-specific testing and applicable regulatory requirements.
2011 · Weight management Close ✕
Supporting literature Garcinia (HCA) for weight loss: what the trials show together “The Use of Garcinia Extract (Hydroxycitric Acid) as a Weight loss Supplement: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Clinical Trials”
Who took part 12 trials
Duration Not reported
Study design
Systematic review & meta-analysis What was tested A pooled analysis of randomised trials comparing Garcinia extract (hydroxycitric acid) with placebo.
What was found Garcinia produced a small, statistically significant short-term weight loss versus placebo (about 0.9 kg); the authors call for more rigorous trials.
About this study design Pools the results of several randomised trials to estimate an overall effect.
Citation Journal of Obesity. 2011; ███████
Publications provide research context. Finished-product claims depend on product-specific testing and applicable regulatory requirements.
2021 · Sleep, cognition & wellness Close ✕
Supporting literature Ashwagandha for better sleep “Effect of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) extract on sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis”
Who took part 5 trials · 400 people
Duration Not reported
Study design
Systematic review & meta-analysis What was tested A pooled analysis of randomised, placebo-controlled trials of Ashwagandha extract on sleep in adults.
What was found Ashwagandha had a small but significant benefit for overall sleep, stronger in adults with insomnia, at ≥600 mg a day for ≥8 weeks, and improved alertness and anxiety.
About this study design Pools the results of several randomised trials to estimate an overall effect.
Citation PLOS ONE. 2021; █████████
Publications provide research context. Finished-product claims depend on product-specific testing and applicable regulatory requirements.
2017 · Sleep, cognition & wellness Close ✕
Supporting literature A yam extract for memory and cognition “Diosgenin-Rich Yam Extract Enhances Cognitive Function: A Placebo-Controlled, Randomized, Double-Blind, Crossover Study of Healthy Adults”
Who took part 28 adults
Duration 12 weeks
Study design
Double-blind RCT What was tested Soft capsules of diosgenin-rich yam extract versus placebo for 12 weeks each, in healthy adults aged 20–81, in a crossover design.
What was found The authors report that the yam extract enhanced cognitive function in healthy adults compared with placebo.
About this study design Randomised, and neither participants nor researchers know who receives the product, the most rigorous design.
Citation Nutrients. 2017; ███████
Publications provide research context. Finished-product claims depend on product-specific testing and applicable regulatory requirements.
2021 · Sleep, cognition & wellness Close ✕
Supporting literature Nattokinase safety in patients with vascular disease “Data Recorded in Real Life Support the Safety of Nattokinase in Patients with Vascular Diseases”
Who took part Not reported
Duration Not reported
Study design
Real-world observational study What was tested Nattokinase 100 mg a day, alone or with standard anticoagulant care, in vascular surgery patients followed in routine practice.
What was found Real-life data from these patients support the safety of nattokinase alongside standard treatment.
About this study design Follows patients in routine practice rather than assigning treatments at random.
Citation Nutrients. 2021; ███████
Publications provide research context. Finished-product claims depend on product-specific testing and applicable regulatory requirements.
2021 · Immunity & vitamin D Close ✕
Supporting literature Higher-dose vitamin D3 and COVID-19 recovery “Effects of a 2-Week 5000 IU versus 1000 IU Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Recovery of Symptoms in Patients with Mild to Moderate Covid-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial”
Who took part Not reported
Duration 2 weeks
Study design
Randomised, placebo-controlled What was tested Vitamin D3 at 5000 IU versus 1000 IU a day for two weeks, in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 and low vitamin D.
What was found Only the 5000 IU group raised blood vitamin D significantly, and it recovered faster from cough and loss of taste.
About this study design Participants are randomly assigned to the product or a placebo.
Citation Nutrients. 2021; ███████
Publications provide research context. Finished-product claims depend on product-specific testing and applicable regulatory requirements.
2022 · Immunity & vitamin D Close ✕
Supporting literature What human studies say about vitamin D supplements “The health effects of vitamin D supplementation: evidence from human studies”
Who took part Not reported
Duration Not reported
Study design
Expert review What was tested An expert review of randomised trials and genetic studies on the skeletal and extra-skeletal effects of vitamin D.
What was found Summarises where supplementation shows clear benefit, especially in people with low vitamin D status, and where evidence remains uncertain.
About this study design Summarises published research on a topic; it does not collect new data.
Citation Nature Reviews Endocrinology. 2022; ██████
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2020 · Immunity & vitamin D Close ✕
Supporting literature Zinc, vitamin D and vitamin C for immune defence “Zinc, Vitamin D and Vitamin C: Perspectives for COVID-19 With a Focus on Physical Tissue Barrier Integrity”
Who took part Not reported
Duration Not reported
Study design
Expert review What was tested A review of how zinc and vitamins C and D support the immune response and the physical tissue barriers against viral infection.
What was found The three nutrients act together to support immunity and tissue barriers, making them relevant candidates for immune-support formulas.
About this study design Summarises published research on a topic; it does not collect new data.
Citation Frontiers in Nutrition. 2020; █████
Publications provide research context. Finished-product claims depend on product-specific testing and applicable regulatory requirements.
2014 · Sleep, cognition & wellness Close ✕
Supporting literature Moringa: the nutrition behind the “miracle tree” “Health Benefits of Moringa oleifera”
Who took part Not reported
Duration Not reported
Study design
Expert review What was tested A review of the nutritional and medicinal properties of Moringa oleifera leaves, seeds and other parts.
What was found Moringa is rich in essential amino acids, carotenoids and other nutraceutical compounds, supporting its use as a nutritional supplement ingredient.
About this study design Summarises published research on a topic; it does not collect new data.
Citation Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention. 2014; ██████████
Publications provide research context. Finished-product claims depend on product-specific testing and applicable regulatory requirements.
